The Microsoft USB Sync Windows driver is a software component that enables communication between a Windows PC and a USB device, typically for syncing data or establishing a connection for file transfers, backup, or device management. It's commonly used with mobile devices, digital cameras, and other peripherals that connect via USB for synchronization purposes (such as syncing contacts, calendars, music, photos, or other files).

The driver is often associated with software applications like Windows Mobile Device Center (for syncing with Windows Mobile phones) or other synchronization utilities. If you're using a USB cable to connect a device to your computer and need to sync data, this driver helps facilitate that process.